Following the Digital Thread – A Cloud-Based Observation

In this research article, the buzzwords of digital thread, digital twin, and Industry 4.0 are examined by means of a systematic literature review. The key concepts shaping these paradigms are investigated to achieve an overview of existing solutions. First, the body of the literature is explored to provide general observations on similarities and differences between the concepts. Subsequently, an overview of key technologies is provided that are necessary to achieve the vision of the digital thread. Based on the identified technologies, state-of-the-art solutions relating to digital thread are discussed. Finally, this research work presents a high-level architecture for realizing the digital thread based on the conducted technology analysis. The architecture is also dedicated to providing a cloud-based observation combining business solutions (e.g., SAP products) and cloud platforms (e.g., Google Cloud). To conclude the research carried out here, an outlook is given on possible future developments based on the work accomplished.