Effect of focus on cell detection and recognition by the Cell Analyzer.

The effect of defocusing on the quality of signals from live cells detected by an automated image cytometry device, the Cell Analyzer, was examined. The influence of these effects on the ability of this device to automatically locate cells plated into a tissue culture flask was then determined by measuring the performance of cell detection and recognition procedures as a function of focus setting. Acceptable limits for deviation from the optimal focus setting (as determined by microscope objective position) were found to be similar for both these procedures, ranging from 40 microns below to 25 microns above the optimal focus position. These limits were asymmetrical about ideal focus due to a pronounced asymmetry in the effects of positive and negative defocusing on the cell signal.